Biomass conversion using supercritical water and hydrothermal treatment
Yukihiko MATSUMURA
Biomass Project Research Center, Hiroshima University
Link to this paper at :
http://unit.aist.go.jp/internat/biomassws/material/Yukihiko-matsumura.pdf
Daily Archives: January 3rd, 2006
Biodiesel Production Technology
August 2002–January 2004
J. Van Gerpen, B. Shanks, and R. Pruszko, D. Clements, G. Knothe
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Biodiesel Production Technology
Background
1. Basics of Biodiesel Production
2. Basic Organic Chemistry
3. Biodiesel Specifications and Properties
Biodiesel Production Processes
4. Types of Biodiesel Production
5. Basic Plant Equipment and Operation
6. Chemical Plant Controls
7. Pretreatment of High Free Fatty Acid Feedstocks
8. Patent Discussion
9. Patent List for Biodiesel
10. Post Reaction Processing
11. Treatment and Recovery of Side
Biodiesel Plant Logistics
12. Feedstock Preparation
13. Feedstock Quality Issues
14. Plant Safety
15. Biodiesel Transportation and Storage
16. Product Quality
Link to this paper at :
http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy04osti/36244.pdf
• What is biomass?
• Chemical and physical properties
• Biomass and energy – thermal conversion to heat and electricity or syngas and hydrolysis/bioprocesses to liquid and gaseous fuels
• Biomass resources and production
• Biomass to electricity
• Biomass to biofuels and hydrogen
– Grain versus residual lignin-cellulosic feed stocks
– Gasification, hydrolysis, bioconversion processes
• Biorefineries employing modern biotechnology
Link to this paper at :
FINAL TECHNICAL REPORT
STRAW GASIFICATION FOR CO-COMBUSTION IN LARGE CHP-PLANTS
ERK5 – CT – 1999 – 0004
PREFACE
This is the final report of the STRAWGAS-project “Straw gasification for co-combustion in large CHP-plants”. The report covers process validation of the gasification and gas cleaning tests that were carried out in 2000 and the design study of a 100 MWth gasifier. Process validation and design study covers gasification of 100% straw and a fuel mix of straw and wood.
The project partners Foster Wheeler Energia Oy and ENERGI E2 A/S (former Elkraft Power Company) have executed the major part of the project with VTT Energy (Finland) and TK energi (Denmark) as valuable sub-suppliers. The project has received substantial economical support from the European Commission.
The experimental research consisted of 3 main tasks:
• The capability of the developed feeding system to feed loose straw into the gasifier
• The optimal process conditions and additives for gasifying loose straw
• The capability of the selected gas cleaning system to make the gas suitable for cocombustion
in large CHP-plants
In the design study a full-scale straw gasification plant of 100 MWth and the integration with an existing large CHP plant was investigated. The practical solutions of all unit operations
were developed. The budget for a complete plant was calculated and consequently the overall project economy was assessed. The result of the process validation and design
study can be the technical and economical basis for a decision to built a demonstration plant.
This project was carried out in the period from April 2000 to May 2001.
Link to this paper at :
http://www.gastechnology.org/webroot/downloads/en/IEA/IEASTRAWGAS.pdf
Hydrogen from Biomass : State of the Art and Research Challenges
IEA/H2/TR-02/001
Thomas A. Milne, Carolyn C. Elam and Robert J. Evans
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Golden, CO USA
Preface
This report is a review largely of thermochemical research studies for the formation of hydrogen from whole biomass and stable intermediate products from biomass. The purpose of this report is to serve as a baseline of the state of the art and to identify research opportunities that can be conducted within a new Task of the International Energy Agencys (IEA) Programme on the Production and Utilization of Hydrogen. This new Task, Task 16 Hydrogen from Carbon Containing Materials, will begin work in early 2002. Subtask B addresses Biomass to Hydrogen. The Task Leader is Elisabet Fjermestad Hagen, Norsk Hydro ASA, N-0246, Oslo, Norway. Included in this report are references to the thermal gasification of biomass. These were reviewed in cooperation with the IEA Bioenergy Programme, specifically the Gasification Task – Suresh Babu, Task Leader. Suresh.Babu@gastechnology.org
Link to this paper at :
http://www.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/pdfs/hydrogen_biomass.pdf
